Pola Pernapasan Dan Faktor Lingkungan Dalam Pengendalian Gejala Asma Bronkial Pada Anak-Anak
Keywords:
Asma bronchial, faktor lingkungan, pola pernapasanAbstract
Asma bronkial pada anak-anak merupakan masalah kesehatan yang meningkat secara global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara paparan debu, bulu hewan, frekuensi pernapasan, dan polutan udara dengan kejadian asma berulang pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan survei longitudinal pada anak-anak dengan asma bronkial. Metode pengumpulan data melibatkan pemantauan pola pernapasan, seperti frekuensi napas, analisis lingkungan di rumah dan lingkungan sekolah. Pengumpulan data juga akan melibatkan wawancara dengan anak-anak dan orang tua mereka untuk mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih mendalam tentang pola pernapasan dan faktor lingkungan sehari-hari. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu anak sekolah dasar usia 6-12 tahun yang mengalami asma berjumlah 38 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paparan debu (p=0,007) dan bulu hewan (p=0,002) meningkatkan risiko asma berulang pada anak-anak, dengan anak-anak yang memiliki pola pernapasan (p=0,000) yang tidak teratur memiliki kemungkinan lebih besar untuk mengalami serangan. Paparan polutan udara juga meningkatkan risiko dan keparahan asma pada anak-anak (p=0,008). Paparan debu, bulu hewan, frekuensi pernapasan yang tidak teratur, dan polutan udara memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian asma berulang pada anak-anak. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan upaya pencegahan yang melibatkan pengelolaan debu dan alergen di rumah, pendidikan tentang pola pernapasan yang sehat, dan advokasi untuk kebijakan lingkungan yang mendukung kualitas udara bersih. Integrasi pendekatan ini dapat merancang strategi yang holistik untuk meningkatkan kesehatan pernapasan anak-anak dan mengurangi dampak asma bronkial.
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